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    Publication
    Qard-ul-hasan and micro financing
    Seyed Kazem Sadr; Omid Torabi (USIM Publisher, 2015)

    Eight years have passed since 2005, the year that was labelled as that of micro finance by the United Nations to reflect the importance of financial inclusion of the poor and enforcement of policies that attain thic objective. The labelling of the microfinance year implied the recognition of the fact that conventional financial institutions have globally failed to include poor and vulnerable families for their financial services.

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    Using reputation (fame) to reduce information asymmetry in Islamic risk-sharing crowdfunding models: a game theory approach
    Omid Torabi; Abbas Mirakhor; Obiyathulla Ismath Bacha (INCEIF, 2017)

    Crowdfunding as a part of sharing economy is a fast developing method of projects finance mobilization. From Islamic finance point of view, it is important to address the Islamic crowdfunding system to improve the new Fintech trends in Islamic communities. Moreover, risk sharing is the essence of Islamic finance and equity crowdfunding potentially is a proper musharakah risk sharing scheme to be compliance with Shariah of Islam. However, the lack of trust and the problem of information asymmetry are the main challenges of any type of risk sharing deal as well as crowdfunding. The main problem that should be answered to implement a successful Islamic crowdfunding platform is information asymmetry. Reputation mechanism is one of the newest ways to solve asymmetric information in web based social networks. The primary objective of reputation mechanisms is to enable efficient transactions in communities where cooperation is compromised by post-contractual opportunism or information asymmetries. A reputational mechanism has been designed in this research specifically for crowdfunding system to eliminate moral hazard and reduce asymmetric information. The role of reputation is important as a mechanism for establishing trust to address the risk of fraud in online transactions. We defined the concept of “Fame”, in order to implement the reputation mechanism in our designed crowdfunding system. “Fame” refers to credibility of every individual who is a member of the crowdfunding system.

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