Industry 5.0 is the latest revolution that represents a drastically new era from technology-driven to interactive cooperation between humans and machines. The focus of Industry 5.0 is different from Industry 4.0 as the latter focused on automation, exchange and communication of cyber-physical systems, and efficiency, whereas Industry 5.0 concentrates on human well-being, human creativity, and sustainability by utilizing modern technologies such as, for example, collaborative robots (cobots) and programmable logic controllers (PLCs). This article will consider the intersection of these technologies with Human-Centered principles of design in order to create adaptive, safe, and inclusive workplaces. We review recent literature, summarize drivers, enablers, and inhibitors in becoming Industry 5.0, and report case studies that illustrate the operational, cognitive, and socio-economic consequences deriving from human-centered and co-operative interaction within smart factories. In the end, Industry 5.0 is a reality with an ambitious role to play: the increased productivity that comes along with a more personalizable, adaptable, and sustainable workforce

The FMCG (fast-moving consumer goods) business is challenged with increasing requirements for production efficiency, equipment reliability, product safety, and sustainability in shop floors characterized by fast-moving and changing production lines. In the past, Lean Manufacturing and Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) have been used to drive process improvement, but these approaches are designed without real-time data (key to advances in Industry 4.0). When we combine AI/ML with Lean TPM, it has transformative possibilities: it can allow us to do predictive maintenance, advanced anomaly detection, and deploy cyber-physical systems. This study distills the merits of AI augmentation and resultant frameworks and its implementation challenges for Lean TPM in FMCG processes. Based on cross-sector case studies and extensive literature, the results show that AI application assists in equipment efficiency, fault diagnosis, and dynamic scheduling, which results in an increase in OEE as well as sustainability performance. However, obstacles including data interoperability difficulties, skills strain, SME uptake challenges, and lack of standardized benchmarking continue to limit wider adoption. We present a conceptual integration model and pragmatist application approach to support stakeholders and academics as they negotiate this new terrain. The latter is set to take maintenance paradigms further from �reactive� into �proactive,� and eventually �condition-based� and �predictive� with a focus on the data-driven framework that is necessary to build up industry resilience and competitiveness in the digital era.

The theory of maqasid al-Shari'ah theorizes interrelationships among the five universal maqasid (namely hifzu d?n, hifzu nafs, hifzu nasl, hifzul msl and hifzul 'aql). According to the theory of maqasid al-Shari'ah propounded by Al-Iman Ghazali and Al-Imam Shatibi which was later further extended into contemporary socio-economic context by Chapra (2009), there are interrelationships among the maqasid. Statistical modelling of these relationships to understand the strengths and directions of the relationships will provide new knowledge and will strengthen the theory of maqasid al-Shari'ah with empirical scientific evidence. As of recent times, the discussions on these interrelationships are purely normative in nature. Theory testing based on statistical methods are very limited. Therefore, this paper concentrates on testing the theorized relationships in the theory of maqasid al-Shari'ah using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). A sample of 325 Muslim respondents is involved in collecting data using a pre-designed questionnaire using the Chapra (2009) framework. The paper proposes a Structural Equation Model of maqasid al-Shari'ah theory will provide useful insights in making socio-economic policies and measuring the performance of those socio-economic policies.